A study on education, health and child labor: Evidence from share


Tezin Türü: Yüksek Lisans

Tezin Yürütüldüğü Kurum: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türkiye

Tezin Onay Tarihi: 2020

Tezin Dili: İngilizce

Öğrenci: BÜŞRA VARDAR

Danışman: Aysun Aygün

Özet:

In this study we use data from 7 European countries (Austria, Denmark, France, Italy, Netherlands, Sweden, and Spain) to analyze the relationship between education, health and job start age. We use the compulsory schooling reforms as instruments for the years of education. We run each regression separately for both males and females. The relationship between the education and health studied adopting two different approaches with a binary dependent variable which is equal to 1 if an individual’s self- reported health is “fair” or “poor” and 0 otherwise. We adopt a Linear Probability Model approach and a Probit approach for the second stage of an Instrumental Variable regression. We observe significant effects of reforms on the educational attainment in the first stage for both males and females around similar magnitudes. In the second stage, we find significant effects of years of schooling on health on females whilst the effect is both small in magnitude and insignificant for males. For the relationship between education and child labor, we adopt an Instrumental Variable approach, utilizing the same first stage as in our health study. The results are reversed for genders while considering the effect of education on the job start age. While the effect is significant for males for the job start age, our results are inconclusive for females. In order to check the robustness of our results, we consider an alternative definition of the binary dependent variable in the health study, and we also consider different window sizes around the first cohorts affected from the reforms. We find our results are robust especially for our study on health, and we observe the smaller the window size, the higher the magnitude of the effects. We discuss the potential mechanisms behind our results and conclude with the possible future research on the subjects of interest in this study.