Analysis and detection of low-energy electrons in scanning electron microscopes using a Bessel box electron energy analyser

Suri A., Pratt A., Tear S., Walker C., Kincal C., Kamber U., ...Daha Fazla

JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA, cilt.241, 2020 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 241
  • Basım Tarihi: 2020
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.elspec.2019.02.002
  • Dergi Adı: JOURNAL OF ELECTRON SPECTROSCOPY AND RELATED PHENOMENA
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Analytical Abstracts, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Biotechnology Research Abstracts, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The interpretation of images generated by scanning electron microscopes (SEMs) requires quantifiable and well-understood contrast. Furthermore, recent interest in probing samples using low-energy electrons to extract surface information is pushing towards the quantification of relative contrast in secondary-electron (SE) images. The detection and analysis of low-energy SEs remains at the heart of the development of such instruments and techniques. However, state-of-the-art SE detectors in most SEMs, which are largely using in-lens configurations, are mainly designed to favour the collection of primary-induced SEs, and hence fail to provide electron energy information that could be related to the sample composition. Here, we report on the development of a novel SE detector which makes use of the Bessel box (BB) electron energy analyser. We demonstrate a very compact analyser design ((similar to)a volume of 12mm(3)) through simulations and by acquiring an electron spectrum from a sample of graphene on copper. A resolution of 0.3% has been numerically computed and experimentally verified for the BB analyser.