Synthesis and characterization of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene and 3,3 '-(4-fluorophenyl)dithieno[3,2-b;2 ',3 '-d]thiophene molecules

Topal S., Topal S., Ulukan P., Ustamehmetoğlu B., Öztürk T., Sezer E.

ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA, cilt.390, 2021 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 390
  • Basım Tarihi: 2021
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138837
  • Dergi Adı: ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, Aerospace Database, Chemical Abstracts Core, Communication Abstracts, INSPEC, Metadex, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: 3-(4-Fluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene, 3,3 '-(4-Fluorophenyl)dithieno[3,2-b;2 ' 3 '-d]thiophene, Electropolymerization, Capacitive and electrochromic behavior, EQCM, DFT, ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE, ACCEPTOR UNIT, IONIC LIQUIDS, BAND-GAP, POLYMERS, POLYPYRROLE, EQCM, ELECTRODES, ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION, POLYTHIOPHENE
  • İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Synthesis of 3-(4-fluorophenyl)thieno[3,2-b]thiophene (FPhTT) and 3,3'-(4- fluorophenyl)dithieno[3,2-b;2',3'-d]thiophene (FPhDTT) were achieved starting from 3-bromothiophene and 3,4-dibromothiophene, respectively. They were electropolymerized and the resulting polymers P[FPhTT] and P[FPhTT] were characterized by diverse electrochemical methods such as cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD), electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM) and spectroelectrochemical measurements. Mechanism of electropolymerization of the monomers was supported by DFT level calculations. Band gaps of P[FPhTT] and P[FPhTT] were calculated as 1.63 and 1.77 eV, respectively, from the onset absorptions of the absorption spectra. From EIS measurements, the highest capacitance values of P[FPhTT] and P[FPhTT]were calculated to be 39.4 and 281.7 Fg(1-), respectively, when the applied potentials were equal to their oxidation peak potentials. Surface characterization of the P[FPhTT] and P[FPhTT] films on ITO electrodes were performed by atomic force microscope (AFM) and the results suggested that P[FPhTT] had more porous surface. GCD results indicated that P[FPhTT] had higher energy density than P[FPhTT], possibly due to its porous structure. According to the ECD results, P[FPhTT] has more stable optical properties. As a conclusion, P[FPhTT] might be suggested for energy storage applications while P[FPhTT] could be suitable for electrochromic devices. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.