Mantle Lithosphere Rheology, Vertical Tectonics, and the Exhumation of (U)HP Rocks


Bodur O. F., Göğüş O. H., Pysklywec R. N., Okay A.

JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH, cilt.123, sa.2, ss.1824-1839, 2018 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 123 Sayı: 2
  • Basım Tarihi: 2018
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1002/2017jb014546
  • Dergi Adı: JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.1824-1839
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: U(HP) exhumation, vertical tectonics, mantle lithosphere rheology, RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITY, HIGH-PRESSURE ROCKS, CONTINENTAL COLLISION, METAMORPHIC ROCKS, NONLINEAR VISCOSITY, SOUTH ISLAND, NEW-ZEALAND, MODEL, BLUESCHISTS, SUBDUCTION
  • İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

Numerical modeling results indicate that mantle lithosphere rheology can influence the pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) trajectories of continental crust subducted and exhumed during the onset of continental collision. Exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure (similar to 35kbar)/high-temperature (similar to 750 degrees C) metamorphic rocks is more prevalent in models with stronger continental mantle lithosphere (e.g., dry), whereas high-pressure (similar to 9-22kbar)/low-temperature (350 degrees C-630 degrees C) metamorphic rocks occur in models with weaker rheology (e.g., hydrated) for the same layer. In the latter case, the buried crustal rocks can remain encased in ablatively subducting mantle lithosphere, reach only moderate temperatures, and exhume by dripping/detachment of the lithospheric root. In this transition from subduction to a dripping style of vertical tectonics, burial and exhumation of crustal rocks are driven without imposed far-field plate convergence. The model results are compared against thermobarometric P-T estimates from major (ultra)high-pressure metamorphic terranes. We propose that the exhumation of high-pressure/low-temperature metamorphic rocks in Tavanl and Afyon zones in western Anatolia may be caused by viscous dripping of mantle lithosphere suggesting a weaker continental mantle lithosphere, whereas (ultra)high-pressure exhumation (e.g., Dabie Shan-eastern China and Dora Maira-western Alps) may be associated with plate-like subduction. In the latter case, the slab is much stronger and deformation is localized to the subduction interface along which rocks are buried to >100km depth before they are exhumed to the near surface.

Numerical modeling results indicate that mantle lithosphere rheology can influence the pressure-temperature-time (P-T-t) trajectories of continental crust subducted and exhumed during the onset of continental collision. Exhumation of ultrahigh-pressure (~35 kbar)/high-temperature (~750°C) metamorphic rocks is more prevalent in models with stronger continental mantle lithosphere (e.g., dry), whereas high-pressure (~922 kbar)/low-temperature (350°C630°C) metamorphic rocks occur in models with weaker rheology (e.g., hydrated) for the same layer. In the latter case, the buried crustal rocks can remain encased in ablatively subducting mantle lithosphere, reach only moderate temperatures, and exhume by dripping/detachment of the lithospheric root. In this transition from subduction to a dripping style of vertical tectonics,burial and exhumation of crustal rocks are driven without imposed far-field plate convergence. The model results are compared against thermobarometric P-T estimates from major (ultra) high-pressure metamorphic terranes. We propose that the exhumation of high-pressure/low-temperature metamorphic rocks in Tavanlı and Afyon zones in western Anatolia may be caused by viscous dripping of mantle lithosphere suggesting a weaker continental mantle lithosphere, whereas (ultra)high-pressure exhumation (e.g., Dabie Shan-eastern China and Dora Maira-western Alps) may be associated with plate-like subduction. In the latter case, the slab is much stronger and deformation is localized to the subduction interface along which rocks are buried to >100 km depth before they are exhumed to the near surface.