A Novel Convolutional Autoencoder-Based Clutter Removal Method for Buried Threat Detection in Ground-Penetrating Radar

Temlioglu E., Erer I.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, cilt.60, 2022 (SCI-Expanded) identifier identifier

  • Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
  • Cilt numarası: 60
  • Basım Tarihi: 2022
  • Doi Numarası: 10.1109/tgrs.2021.3098122
  • Dergi Adı: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
  • Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Academic Search Premier, PASCAL, Aerospace Database, Applied Science & Technology Source, Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), Business Source Elite, Business Source Premier, CAB Abstracts, Communication Abstracts, Compendex, Computer & Applied Sciences, Geobase, INSPEC, Metadex, Pollution Abstracts, Civil Engineering Abstracts
  • Anahtar Kelimeler: Clutter, Decoding, Image reconstruction, Matrix decomposition, Sparse matrices, Radar imaging, Noise reduction, Clutter removal, convolutional autoencoders (CAEs), gprMax, ground-penetrating radar (GPR), image decomposition, LOW-RANK, LANDMINE
  • İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

The clutter encountered in ground-penetrating radar (GPR) systems seriously affects the performance of the subsurface target detection methods. A new clutter removal method based on convolutional autoencoders (CAEs) is introduced. The raw GPR image is encoded via successive convolution and pooling layers and then decoded to provide the clutter-free GPR image. The loss function is defined in terms of the reference clutter-free target image and the decoder output is optimized to learn the weight coefficients from the raw data. The method is compared to the conventional subspace methods, recently proposed nonnegative matrix factorization, as well as low-rank and sparse decomposition (LRSD) methods and dictionary separation-based morphological component analysis. CAE and its deeper version deep CAE (DCAE) are trained by several scenarios generated by the electromagnetic simulation tool gprMax. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method for challenging scenarios. While for real GPR image, the simulated data trained networks remain slightly behind the LRSD methods for the dry case, nonetheless, they outperform the aforementioned processing techniques for the more challenging wet case.