Akademik Veri Yönetim Sistemi
Tezin Türü: Yüksek Lisans
Tezin Yürütüldüğü Kurum: İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Türkiye
Tezin Onay Tarihi: 2016
Tezin Dili: Türkçe
Öğrenci: ESRA TEKELİ
Asıl Danışman (Eş Danışmanlı Tezler İçin): Fatma Ayçim Türer Başkaya
Özet:
Today, existence of expanding megacities brings about a concern about how sustainable their attitudes toward the natural resources. In this case, including in particular ecological macroform of megacities, it is also greatly influenced by cultural and social structures. In this study, receiving migration from other cities and a mega city which has been exposed to uncontrolled urban development by thriving economies is discussed in Istanbul. This dynamic city is both facing an urban expansion which is bringing about mega infrastructure projects and decaying urban fabric vulnerable to earthquake risk which is bringing about urban transformation projects. Within the last two decades, rapid spatial expansion and transformation supported by the partial plans pressurize on the water basins of Istanbul. This study focuses on the Buyukcekmece Drinking Water Basin as one of the major drinking water basins of Istanbul, which examines conflicting urban dynamics. The purpose of this study, on the urban streams of Buyukcekmece Drinking Water Basin in the city of Istanbul, to provide landscape planning strategies by landscape restoration techniques for completely removing or reducing to minimum their adverse human effects on rapid urban expansion, the applied policies, changing structure of the environmental legislation and environmental problems caused by the non-integrated planning decisions with each others. The objectives of this study are; to end the terminological confusion about landscape restoration techniques that are occurring in our country, to evaluate the terms of 'streamfront' and 'buffer zone', which are effective in landscape restoration, at the existing situation of Turkey, to performe reading on Büyükçekmece Drinking Water Basin drainage network, to determine intervention strategies for landscape planning on the urban streams and to construct an evaluation system for their assessment, to determine urban streams in order to run this evaluation system, to perform calculations on selected urban streams as regards landscape restoration techniques, to use the applications on each selected streams and stream slices to define landscape rehabilitation techniques, to determine planning strategies for landscape restoration techniques the scope selected urban streams and streams slices and to evaluate for legal and administrative planning framework in urban streams and streams slices in Turkey. This thesis consists of four main sections which combine conceptual and practical work. In the first chapter, dealt with the scope, general framework is determined. In the second part, making the scientific literature review which is important for the format of thesis structure. In the third chapter presents general information and analyses about the Buyukcekmece Drinking Water Basin and mapping studies were conducted to determine the current situation, the parameters to be examined in terms of urban river landscape restoration. Benefiting from the GIS technology, this study aims to reveal landscape strategies for the Buyukcekmece Drinking Water Basin and concerns a two-phased evaluation process ranging from the overall water basin scale to the scale of stream impact area. For the water basin-drainage scale, six main parameters are defined as 'under the indirect effects of urban transformation areas and mega-projects which are outside of the water basin', 'under the direct effects of mega-projects', 'the length of streams at the drainage systems', 'the areal size of the drainage networks in the protected areas which are stronger (strict, short, medium)', and 'assigned functions within the Istanbul Environmental Plan'. For the studies on the scale of stream impact area, three urban streams examining different urban dynamics are selected as Ahlat, Hazmali and Tahtakopru. . To reveal multi-scale landscape strategies, these streams and their impact areas are evaluated by eleven major parameters as 'green infrastructure capacity', 'distribution of streamfront areas according to the water basin protection areas', 'cuts in the streamfront area', 'cuts by mega-projects on the streamfront area', 'to be wider the strict protection area than stream buffer zone', 'the length of the streamfront area's border', 'the presence of non-compliant areas on the border of the streamfront area', 'the diversity of land use types in the streamfront area border', 'the lengths of the urban stream' and 'cross-section of the urban streams'. In order to determine landscape planning strategies a decision matrix formed. At the stage of submission of the landscape restoration strategies for urban streams, to decide on the eligibility of legal-administrative framework and sustainable landscape planning principles has benefited from multi-criteria analysis. For water basin-drainage scale and the scale of stream impact area, seventeen parametres were grouped under seven main titles. Evaluation within the framework of each parameter were performed with 1-5 scoring system. In the final chapter, developing landscape restoration strategies to find solutions for unplanned urban pressures on selected urban streams which are selected by considering the integrity of the water basin area and selected urban streams' slices. Büyükçekmece Water Basin example through movement, this work was carried out basic field reading with terminological question for the landscape restoration are provided as a step for multi-scale studies are needed to repair the landscape of urban creeks. This unique evaluation method of Istanbul megacities of the shaped considering the dynamics, that structure can be applied according to the dynamics of the different cities, the evaluation for the repair landscape of streams in different cities and planning strategy is expected to allow improved. This study is an attempt to highlight the importance of developing multi-scale landscape strategies for the benefit of urban streams and water basins existing inside the ever-changing megacities. On the example of Büyükçekmece Drinking Water Basin, the basic readings and terminological questioning were carried out for landscape restoration strategies. This study has been a significant step for multi-scale landscape studies for the urban streams which are needed to repair. This unique assessment have been shaped by considering urban dynamics of Istanbul megacity. It is thought that, this method allows the evaluation for landscape restoration of urban streams in different cities, because it has to be applied according to the structure and dynamics of different urban planning strategies to be developed.